These Small Words Can Be Tricky for Young Learners

What is the definition of the word “of”? Think about it for a moment. It’s one of those words you just knew from the time you were a child. You know how to use it and you can tell when it’s being used incorrectly, but you’ve probably never had to think about what it actually means.

“Of” is one of  ten high-frequency words that make up 25% of the recorded English language. Although we use small words like “of” often, they can be tricky for young English language learners. How do you teach an English language learner the meaning of this word if you aren’t even sure of the actual definition yourself? Well, you could give him one of the twelve definitions listed in the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, but he probably wouldn’t understand most of them. For example, the first definition for “of” is: “used as a function word to indicate a point of reckoning”. Is that the first thing you thought of when you were trying to come up with the definition?

Children have an easier time learning nouns and verbs. After all, it’s easier to explain a “dog” and “jumps” than a word like “the”, “be”, or “of”. These small words are sight words, and the best way to learn sight words is through repeated exposure. That’s how you learned the correct way to use “of” yourself, by hearing it often in conversation, and seeing it repeatedly in text when you started reading. It is not really one of those words that you can “sound out”, so you need to visually memorize it, which is also known as orthographic processing. With orthographic processing, you learn to recognize the word from repeated exposures, so there is no need for an explanation on what it is or how to use it correctly; you just know the word over time.

According to  Paul Nation , a leading language teaching methodology and vocabulary acquisition linguist researcher, a learner may need up to 15 or more exposures to learn a new vocabulary word or phrase. This may also be the reason why young children will ask to read the same story over and over and over again.  Results from a 2011 study  exploring how young children recall and retain new words through storybooks show that one group of children who heard the same stories repeatedly retained select new words much better than a second group of children who heard those same new words but in different stories; both groups heard the new words the same number of times. The data suggests “reading children stories multiple times in succession has a dramatic beneficial effect on vocabulary learning.”

March 2, 2026
Have you noticed that the month of March brings a noticeable and welcomed shift? Daylight sticks around a bit longer, schedules fill with activities, and students arrive at school each morning with a renewed sense of energy. For young multilingual learners, springtime provides a powerful opportunity; not to reinvent instruction, but to lean into what already works and let that momentum carry learning forward. By this point in the school year, students have built familiarity with classroom routines and expectations. This consistency is especially important for language learners because predictable structures—songs, chants, stories, movement, and daily oral practice—create a safe environment where students feel confident participating, even when the language feels challenging. In March, that confidence often begins to show more clearly! In March, teachers are noticing students: joining in more quickly using phrases spontaneously engaging more willingly in partner activities These moments can be easy to overlook, but they are significant indicators of language growth. Oral language development doesn’t always arrive in neat, measurable steps…it emerges through repeated exposure, joyful practice, and meaningful interaction over time. As spring energy rises (spring fever, anyone?), maintaining consistent routines can actually help classrooms feel calmer and more productive. Students know what comes next, how to participate, and what success sounds like. Rather than pulling back on structured language practice, this is the moment to protect it. Daily routines…spoken language, movement, music, and shared stories…anchor learners while giving them space to take risks. March is also a reminder that language learning is cumulative. The repetition that felt slow in the fall often pays off in the spring, when students are ready to use what they’ve internalized. When instruction continues to spiral skills like phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, and oral fluency, students are supported without feeling pressured. As the school year speeds up, this is the perfect time to take a deep breath and to notice progress. So, take time to celebrate participation, effort, and small breakthroughs to help your multilingual learner students see themselves as the capable language learner they are, and encourage them to keep moving forward! Are you ready to learn more about how GrapeSEED can help your multilingual learners succeed in ways big and small?
February 16, 2026
February is a unique moment in the school year: routines have been established, students are settled, and teachers can clearly see areas of growth as well as emerging needs. It’s also a natural pause before the busy spring months. All of this makes February an ideal time to reflect and to look ahead. For multilingual learners, what happens after the school year ends matters more than we often realize. The Summer Learning Opportunity Extended breaks can unintentionally slow language development, particularly in listening, vocabulary, and verbal confidence. However, when summer instruction is intentional and well designed, it can do more than maintain progress—it can accelerate it. The key is ensuring summer learning feels inviting, engaging, and developmentally appropriate. What Works for Young Language Learners Effective summer language programs share common elements that support growth without feeling like “more school”: A low-stress environment where students feel comfortable taking risks with language Consistent exposure to English through stories, songs, shared reading, and movement Natural repetition and routine that strengthen foundational English language skills Multi-sensory learning experiences that keep students engaged and motivated When language is experienced rather than practiced in isolation, children remain curious, confident, and connected. Why February Is the Time to Think Ahead February isn’t about making immediate decisions—it’s about asking the right questions: How can summer learning support language development without burnout? What experiences will help students feel successful and excited to learn? How can summer instruction align with the strengths of our school-year approach? Exploring these questions now allows schools to plan thoughtfully rather than reactively. A Season for Planting Ideas Strong summer programs build on what young learners love most—music, stories, movement, and interaction—while quietly reinforcing the language skills they need to grow. February offers the space to imagine a summer experience that supports continuity, confidence, and joyful learning long after winter fades. Ready to learn how GrapeSEED can be a meaningful part of your school’s summer learning?
February 3, 2026
If you’re an elementary teacher working with multilingual learners, you already know your work is full of heart, hustle, and highlighters. But let’s be honest—supporting language learners takes a lot of energy. That’s why self-care isn’t a luxury. It’s a must. You’re juggling language development, academic growth, cultural connection, and emotional support. And while your students are growing every day, you need time to recharge, too. Here’s a quick self-care recipe to keep your cup full: ๐Ÿงก Smiles: Find Joy in the Little Things Celebrate the small wins: a new vocabulary word, a student’s laugh, a kind moment. Write one highlight on a sticky note each day. It’s a mood booster—and a reminder that you’re making a difference. ๐ŸŽ Snacks: Fuel Your Body (and Soul) Don’t skip lunch! Keep a stash of healthy snacks (and maybe a treat or two) nearby. Food is fuel, and sometimes chocolate is emotional first aid. ๐Ÿง  Sanity: Protect Your Peace Say no to that extra committee if you’re overwhelmed. Take 5 minutes to breathe or stretch between lessons. Step outside during a break of any kind, even for just a second or two. Talk to someone who “gets it”—sharing helps lighten the load. You Matter Your students need you AND they also need you to be okay. When you take care of yourself, you’re showing them how to care for themselves, too. So go ahead, teacher: smile, snack, and protect your sanity. You can’t do it all , but you CAN do a lot more when you’re well. At GrapeSEED English for Children, we value teachers and work to make certain that those using our curriculum feel supported. With a personal Professional Learning Specialist that teaches can communicate with anytime, a teacher portal, on-demand PDs and so much more, we’ve got our teachers covered! Ready to learn more about getting started with GrapeSEED in YOUR classroom? Just click here for more information.
January 20, 2026
January is the season of decluttering, but in schools, it’s about clearing space for what truly matters! This month’s blog explores how thoughtful organization supports multilingual learners and why strong language systems are worth keeping. A little clarity now can create momentum that lasts all year… and beyond!
Show More